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2	Human Services & Neighborhoods
3	Professionalized Fragmented Approaches: Human Service Needs Children, Youth, and Families Physical and sexual abuse of children Child neglect Substitute care for abused/neglected children Permanency for children in foster care Affordable child day care Appropriate child care “Latchkey” child care Early childhood education for families / parent training Emergency financial assistance
4	Professionalized Fragmented Approaches: Human Service Needs Children, Youth, and Families Infant mortality Access to health and mental health services Day treatment for emotionally disturbed youth Continuum of residential care for emotionally disturbed youth Teenage pregnancy Alcohol and drug use among youth Homeless children Runaway / pushed out youth Youth unemployment Educational success High drop-out rates
5	Professionalized Fragmented Approaches: Human Service Needs Children, Youth, and Families Enrollment in post-secondary education Juvenile delinquency Youth victimization Seniors Flexible, demand responsive transportation Homemaker services / post-hospitalization services Coordinated case management Affordable rental housing / owned housing Home maintenance & repair Special equipment for handicapped Nursing home care
6	Professionalized Fragmented Approaches: Human Service Needs Seniors Assisted living centers Senior day care Social and recreational services Personal security Mental health services Alcohol abuse among elderly Abuse / neglect of elderly Hospice services Congregate meal services / home delivered meals Employment / employment training Volunteer opportunities
7	Professionalized Fragmented Approaches: Human Service Needs Seniors Isolation / socialization for homebound seniors Legal services Institutionalized spouse Handicapped Public safety for those with disabilities Interpretive services Public transportation Recreational opportunities Employment / employment training Attendant care Group homes / integrated community living
8	Professionalized Fragmented Approaches: Human Service Needs Handicapped Affordable rental housing / owned housing Home repair and rehabilitation Identification and diagnosis of special needs children Educational opportunities Financial accessibility to health care Health and Mental Health Fetal alcohol syndrome / drug addicted babies Alcohol and drug abuse Non-medical services for chronically mentally ill Housing for mentally ill / transitional housing Crisis intervention services
9	Professionalized Fragmented Approaches: Human Service Needs Health and Mental Health Detoxification Long term residential care for drug and alcohol abusers Transitional housing for chronically mentally ill Services for those with AIDS / prevention & education Low Income Individuals and Families Affordable rental housing Conversion of low-rent housing / gentrification / code enforcement Utility payments Deferred loans and debt management Mental and physical health Drug and alcohol abuse
10	Professionalized Fragmented Approaches: Human Service Needs Low Income Individuals and Families Transportation Food and nutrition Income support Child day care “Latchkey” services for youth Child abuse and neglect Educational success and drop out rates Alternative educational programs Employment High rates of poverty among single parent households especially headed by women
11	Professionalized Fragmented Approaches: Human Service Needs Low Income Individuals and Families Domestic violence Emergency shelter Transitional housing for mentally ill and homeless Day shelter for homeless Shelter for street inebriates Shelter for homeless single women Shelter for homeless families Shelter for runaway / homeless youth Employment and training for the homeless
12	Federal Government Social Services Welfare-to-Work AFDC Supplemental Security Income (SSI) Medicare Medicaid Food stamps Older Americans Act Social Security Education - Title 1
13	Local Government Contracts
14	Local Government Contracts
15	Local Government Contracts
16	Local Government Contracts
17	Local Government Contracts
18	Local Government Contracts
19	Local Government Contracts
20	Local Government Contracts
21	Local Government Contracts
22	Local Government Contracts
23	Local Government Contracts
24	Local Government Contracts
25	Local Government Contracts
26	Local Government Contracts
27	Local Government Contracts
28	Condition of Social Service Provision Fragmentation Crisis orientation Lack of effective communication Inability to plan comprehensively Insufficient funding Outcomes seldom evaluated
29	Neighborhood Priorities Dudley Street Human Services Participation and control Increase agency accountability Human services plan Comprehensive family needs and neighborhood needs Preventive services Pre-school and after-school child care Education & school curriculum Health care Job training and placement Affordable housing Public transportation Public safety
30	Informal Helping Networks Voluntary Spontaneous Individualized Sensitive to individual’s preferences Flexible Based on self-reliance Self-determination Require fewer agency resources Perceived as part of everyday life
31	Informal Helping Networks Types of Informal Helpers Family and friends Neighbors “Natural helpers” Role-related helpers People with similar problems Volunteers
32	Informal Helping Networks
33	Informal Helping Networks
34	Informal Helping Networks Sharing human service roles between agencies and the community Need to identify community helping networks; support, enhance, collaborate with them; and foster their creation Formal services offered in ways to strengthen informal helping
35	Informal Helping Networks
36	Social Worker Roles Education, mediation, advocacy, organizing Conveners and mobilizers of resources and community consortiums Site based Combine family well-being and community development Core values of “mutuality” and “self-determination” “Ecosystem” perspective
37	Cooperatives / Collaboratives
38	Back to Education: School-Linked Comprehensive Services “School linked services can be transformational tools, especially when tied to other local family and community development efforts.” Briar-Lawson & others
39	School-Linked Comprehensive Services First Generation School Partnerships Child centered coordinated social services Interagency service integration. Social services linked to schools Lack of cultural competence, excessive specialization, categorical approaches, isolation from teachers & parents
40	School-Linked Comprehensive Services Second Generation Partnerships Simultaneous change strategies that strengthen families, neighborhoods, and community organizations. Families enfranchised as joint designers of strategies “Shared collaborative responsibility” for child’s achievement Enfranchising and empowering Redefining “student outcome” as community development New roles for school social workers, nurses, etc
41	Neighborhood Control of Social Services Dudley Street Services performed directly by community organization Subcontracts to social service agencies Subcontracts to private providers Collaboration with social service agencies